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History of Chianti

The origin of the name Chianti is not certain. According to some versions, it could have come from the Latin word ‘clangor’ (noise) – to remember the sound of hunting carried out in the forests of the area. According to other versions, the name derives from Etruscan Clante, the Etruscan family who may have encouraged the growing of grapes in the area.

The first documents that identify Chianti as an area of wine production date back to the thirteenth century. The sign of the League of Chianti Gallo Nero was a gold field, and this symbol has become emblematic of the Consorzio del Vino Chianti Classico, one of the two associations for the protection of Chianti. The other is the Consorzio Vino Chianti.

On 24 September 1716 in Florence, the Grand Duke Cosimo III de 'Medici issued the decree in which the four border regions of Chianti, Pomino, Carmignano, and Val d'Arno di Sopra were specified as the boundaries of the areas. Permission was granted to produce wine within these premises. The decree also established a congregation for supervising the production, shipment, fraud control and trade in wine. Then Ferdinand III of Tuscany divided the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in provinces and communities, and the province of Chianti comprised of the communities of Radda, Gaiole and Castellina.

In 1932, the Italian government decided to expand the production area of Chianti. There were to be seven divisions: Classic, Arezzo Hills, Colli Fiorentini, Pisa Hills, Colli Senesi, Montalbano and Rufina. In 1967, a further expansion took place leading to the border today. In 1996, the sub-region of Montespertoli in Florence was founded.

An interesting legend surrounding Chianti wines dates back to the mid-seventeenth century when there were political disputes involving the territorial extent of the two cities of Siena and Firenze (Florence). To address this conflict, it was proposed to hold a race involving a horseman from each city racing towards the border when the rooster crowed at dawn. This rivalry is still symbolized on the Chianti wine bottles by a black rooster’s image.

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